Universal Declaration of Human Rights

　

Adopted and proclaimed by General Assembly resolution 217 A (III) of 10 December 1948

All human beings are born with equal and inalienable rights and fundamental freedoms.

The United Nations is committed to upholding, promoting and protecting the human rights of every individual. This commitment stems from the United Nations Charter, which reaffirms the faith of the peoples of the world in fundamental human rights and in the dignity and worth of the human person.

In the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, the United Nations has stated in clear and simple terms the rights which belong equally to every person.

These rights belong to you.

They are your rights. Familiarize yourself with them. Help to promote and defend them for yourself as well as for your fellow human beings.

　

　

Preamble

Whereas

recognition of the inherent dignity and of the equal and inalienable rights of all members of the human family is the foundation of freedom, justice and peace in the world,

Whereas

disregard and contempt for human rights have resulted in barbarous acts which have outraged the conscience of mankind, and the advent of a world in which human beings shall enjoy freedom of speech and belief and freedom from fear and want has been proclaimed as the highest aspiration of the common people,

Whereas

it is essential, if man is not to be compelled to have recourse, as a last resort, to rebellion against tyranny and oppression, that human rights should be protected by the rule of law,

Whereas

it is essential to promote the development of friendly relations between nations,

      Whereas       the peoples of the United Nations have in the Charter reaffirmed their faith
      in fundamental human rights, in the dignity and worth of the human person
      and in the equal rights of men and women and have determined to promote
      social progress and better standards of life in larger freedom,

Whereas

Member States have pledged themselves to achieve, in cooperation with the United Nations, the promotion of universal respect for and observance of human rights and fundamental freedoms,

Whereas

a common understanding of these rights and freedoms is of the greatest importance for the full realization of this pledge,

Now, therefore,

The General Assembly

       Proclaims
this Universal Declaration of Human Rights as a common standard of achievement for all peoples and all nations, to the end that every individual and every organ of society, keeping this Declaration constantly in mind, shall strive by teaching and education to promote respect for these rights and freedoms and by progressive measures, national and international, to secure their universal and effective recognition and observance, both among the peoples of Member States themselves and among the peoples of territories under their jurisdiction.

Article 1

All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one nother in a spirit of brotherhood.

Article 2

Everyone is entitled to all the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration, without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status. Furthermore, no distinction shall be made on the basis of the political, jurisdictional or international status of the country or territory to which a person belongs, whether it be independent, trust, non-self-governing or under any other limitation of sovereignty.

Article 3

Everyone has the right to life, liberty and security of person.

Article 4

No one shall be held in slavery or servitude; slavery and the slave trade shall be prohibited in all their forms.

Article 5

No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

Article 6

Everyone has the right to recognition everywhere as a person before the law.

Article 7

All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.

Article 8

Everyone has the right to an effective remedy by the competent national tribunals for acts violating the fundamental rights granted him by the constitution or by law.

Article 9

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary arrest, detention or exile.

Article 10

Everyone is entitled in full equality to a fair and public hearing by an independent and impartial ribunal, in the determination of his rights and obligations and of any criminal charge against him.

Article 11

(1) Everyone charged with a penal offence has the right to be presumed innocent until proved guilty according to law in a public trial at which he has had all the guarantees necessary for his defence.

(2) No one shall be held guilty of any penal offence on account of any act or omission which did not constitute a penal offence, under national or international law, at the time when it was committed. Nor shall a heavier penalty be imposed than the one that was applicable at the time the penal offence was committed.

Article 12

No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.

Article 13

(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of movement and residence within the borders of each State.

(2) Everyone has the right to leave any country, including his own, and to return to his country.

Article 14

(1) Everyone has the right to seek and to enjoy in other countries asylum from persecution.

(2) This right may not be invoked in the case of prosecutions genuinely arising from non-political crimes or from acts contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 15

(1) Everyone has the right to a nationality.

(2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his nationality nor denied the right to change his nationality.

Article 16

(1) Men and women of full age, without any limitation due to race, nationality or religion, have the right to marry and to found a family. They are entitled to equal rights as to marriage, during marriage and at its dissolution.

(2) Marriage shall be entered into only with the free and full consent of the intending spouses.

(3) The family is the natural and fundamental group unit of society and is entitled to protection by society and the State.

Article 17

(1) Everyone has the right to own property alone as well as in association with others.

(2) No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.

Article 18

Everyone has the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion; this right includes freedom to change his religion or belief, and freedom, either alone or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship and observance.

Article 19

Everyone has the right to freedom of opinion and expression; this right includes freedom to hold opinions without interference and to seek, receive and impart information and ideas through any media and regardless of frontiers.

Article 20

(1) Everyone has the right to freedom of peaceful assembly and association.

(2) No one may be compelled to belong to an association.

Article 21

(1) Everyone has the right to take part in the government of his country, directly or through freely chosen representatives.

(2) Everyone has the right to equal access to public service in his country.

(3) The will of the people shall be the basis of the authority of government; this will shall be expressed in periodic and genuine elections which shall be by universal and equal suffrage and shall be held by secret vote or by equivalent free voting procedures.

Article 22

Everyone, as a member of society, has the right to social security and is entitled to realization, through national effort and international cooperation and in accordance with the organization and resources of each State, of the economic, social and cultural rights indispensable for his dignity and the free development of his personality.

Article 23

(1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.

(2) Everyone, without any discrimination, has the right to equal pay for equal work.

(3) Everyone who works has the right to just and favourable remuneration ensuring for himself and his family an existence worthy of human dignity, and supplemented, if necessary, by other means of social protection.

(4) Everyone has the right to form and to join trade unions for the protection of his interests.

Article 24

Everyone has the right to rest and leisure, including reasonable limitation of working hours and periodic holidays with pay.

Article 25

(1) Everyone has the right to a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself and of his family, including food, clothing, housing and medical care and necessary social services, and the right to security in the event of unemployment, sickness, disability, widowhood, old age or other lack of livelihood in circumstances beyond his control.

(2) Motherhood and childhood are entitled to special care and assistance. All children, whether born in or out of wedlock, shall enjoy the same social protection.

Article 26

(1) Everyone has the right to education. Education shall be free, at least in the elementary and fundamental stages. Elementary education shall be compulsory. Technical and professional education shall be made generally available and higher education shall be equally accessible to all on the basis of merit.

(2) Education shall be directed to the full development of the human personality and to the strengthening of respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms. It shall promote understanding, tolerance and friendship among all nations, racial or religious groups, and shall further the activities of the United Nations for the maintenance of peace.

(3) Parents have a prior right to choose the kind of education that shall be given to their children.

Article 27

(1) Everyone has the right freely to participate in the cultural life of the community, to enjoy the arts and to share in scientific advancement and its benefits.

(2) Everyone has the right to the protection of the moral and material interests resulting from any scientific, literary or artistic production of which he is the author.

Article 28

Everyone is entitled to a social and international order in which the rights and freedoms set forth in this Declaration can be fully realized.

Article 29

(1) Everyone has duties to the community in which alone the free and full development of his personality is possible.

(2) In the exercise of his rights and freedoms, everyone shall be subject only to such limitations as are determined by law solely for the purpose of securing due recognition and respect for the rights and freedoms of others and of meeting the just requirements of morality, public order and the general welfare in a democratic society.

(3) These rights and freedoms may in no case be exercised contrary to the purposes and principles of the United Nations.

Article 30

Nothing in this Declaration may be interpreted as implying for any State, group or person any right to engage in any activity or to perform any act aimed at the destruction of any of the rights and freedoms set forth herein.

United Nations Department of Public Information

For more information

www.ohchr.org/english/issues/education/training/udhr.htm
www.un.org/cyberschoolbus/humanrights/index.asp

http://www.un.org/events/humanrights/2007/hrphotos/declaration%20_eng.pdf

SA Treatment of Whites is Human Rights Violation

16 August, 2011

Barry Saayman

The ANC in government is showing its real colours. They are in fact historically and currently gross human rights violators that should be brought to book rather sooner than later.

The fact that South-Africa is a signatory to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights apparently does not deter the ANC from pursuing policies that are clearly in conflict with the Declaration.

Article 7 of the Declaration inter alia states that “All are equal before the law and are entitled without any discrimination to equal protection of the law. All are entitled to equal protection against any discrimination in violation of this Declaration and against any incitement to such discrimination.”

However, thousands of white males and their families are doomed to be needy for the rest of their lives because they are unlawfully and deliberately barred by racist and discriminating labour legislation from re-entering and competing on an equal foot in the labour market whilst Article 23 (1) of the Declaration clearly states that “(1) Everyone has the right to work, to free choice of employment, to just and favourable conditions of work and to protection against unemployment.”
Furthermore, according to COSATU “all the parties represented at the last ANC national executive committee meeting had supported nationalisation” whilst Article 17 (2) states that “No one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his property.”

With its official 2007 Polokwane Strategy and Tactics the ANC has criminalised the history and existence of the white minority in South-Africa. The latter are publicly and officially depicted by the ANC as thieves that stole the land from its alleged rightful owners. This constitutes an aggressive and deliberate attack on the honour and dignity of millions of innocent men, women and children that are upright and law-abiding citizens.

Moreover, Article 12 of the Declaration states that “No one shall be subjected to arbitrary interference with his privacy, family, home or correspondence, nor to attacks upon his honour and reputation. Everyone has the right to the protection of the law against such interference or attacks.”

The ANC has no right to keep on abusing fellow South-Africans and their children that do not enjoy special immunities or banal rights in these unlawful and inhumane manners.

Whereto is all this revenge politics of the governing tripartite alliance leading the country and when will it end?

The natural outcomes of the NDR are clearly, amongst others, further unlawful ethnic cleansing in the labour market, further mass displacement of minorities of which 1 million already emigrated, expropriation without due compensation of white owned property whilst under the prevailing hate filled atmosphere and low levels of social cohesion, the possibility of mass murder and genocide can unfortunately not be ruled out.

The leadership of the ANC should be very concerned. The Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court lists the most serious crimes of concern to the international community.

The ANC leadership will most certainly one day in the not too distant future be held responsible by the very same international community that assisted them to overcome minority rule for subsequently leading the post-apartheid South-Africa in the wrong direction – the ANC will not be able to keep on fooling everybody all the time with their superficial lip service to reconciliation and nation building.

http://www.timeslive.co.za/ilive/2011/08/16/sa-treatment-of-whites-is-human-rights-violation-ilive

Skeletons spill out of Richard Mdluli's closet

19 October, 2011

Seven months after the arrest of police spy boss Richard Mdluli, a number of cold murder and kidnapping cases linked to him and his co-accused are being investigated - some for the first time.

Included in the new investigations is the mysterious disappearance of individuals believed to be crime intelligence informants from Vosloorus on the East Rand more than 13 years ago.

The Times has reliably established that a team of senior Hawks investigators has been ordered to delve into the suspected murky dealings of Mdluli and one of his co-accused in a murder case, Colonel Nkosana "Killer" Ximba.

For the past few months the team has been gathering evidence and compiling dockets, including taking new statements from families of the missing people, victims and police officers who worked at Vosloorus police station where Mdluli and Ximba were previously stationed.

Mdluli and Ximba were notorious during their reign as commanders in Vosloorus and are widely referred to as the "untouchables".

Many of the cases currently unfolding have never been formally investigated because families were too scared to demand police action.

However, sources close to the investigations said the net was "closing in" and that it was just "a matter of time" until the lid was lifted on more criminal activities.

One of the numerous cases currently being investigated involves the disappearance of two men from their Vosloorus homes in 1998.

The pleas for help in tracing their sons by the families of Lunga "Shabba" Khumalo and Thulani "Koli" Shoba have for years gone unanswered.

Khumalo and Shoba - who were 21 and 24 respectively at the time of their disappearance in mid-1998 - were last seen by relatives when Ximba allegedly picked them up from their respective homes in Vosloorus in a police car.

Shoba's mother, Angelina Mtulweni, this week described her battle to determine the fate of her son as 13 years of "hell" and "heartache".

Mtulweni said she had gone to the Vosloorus police station a day after Ximba picked up her son because he had not returned home.
"I told them that my son had not returned after Killer picked him up and they laughed at me and told me to go look for him myself. They warned me that I should not cause trouble," said Mtulweni.

Subsequent visits to the police station proved fruitless.
Mtulweni said she received a telephone call from Shoba about three weeks later. He was crying and said he was in Orange Farm, south of Johannesburg. He also said: "They are hitting me".
"The phone was immediately dropped after he said those words and I knew that something bad was happening to Koli," said Mtulweni.

The families visited hospitals and morgues in Johannesburg and even checked with prisons in their bid to trace Khumalo and Shoba.
Mtulweni said her family had lived in constant fear since the call. Every time they went to the police station to make inquiries, gunshots were fired close to their house at night.
"I feared for my other children's safety. No one ever dared mention their [Mdluli and Ximba's] names as you would be dealt with severely," said Mtulweni.

Khumalo's mother, Busisiwe Khumalo, shared the same fears as Mtulweni regarding the police at Vosloorus police station.
Khumalo's family were petrified to make inquiries.
His aunt, Boniswa, said: "We were scared to go to the police. Those policemen are untouchable. Even now, we don't know what can happen to us for talking to you."

The families say Shoba and Khumalo were police informants and suspect their disappearance is linked to their "knowing too much" and possibly having "dirt on senior police officials" at the Vosloorus police station.

Both families are relieved that the matter is receiving attention.

"I just want to know what happened to him and for those responsible to pay for what they did. I want his remains to bury him so that we can have closure. Not knowing what happened to your child is so painful," said Mtulweni.

Hawks spokesman McIntosh Polela confirmed that a Hawks team was investigating the disappearance of the two men.
"We are still trying to establish concrete evidence that would enable us to move on this matter," said Polela.
Ximba yesterday said he was unaware of the Hawks investigation and referred to it as a "joke".
"I don't give a damn. I'm tired of this s**t. Let them [the Hawks] just do what they want," he said before putting down the phone.

Shoba and Khumalo's case forms part of a broader investigation by the Hawks.
City Press this week reported that a task team headed by Colonel Piet Viljoen had been assigned by Hawks head Anwa Dramat to investigate the murder charges against Mdluli and Ximba.

Col. Piet Viljoen

Mdluli and Ximba, court orderly Warrant Officer Samuel Dlomo and Colonel Mthunzi-Omhle Mtunzi, were arrested in March this year for another cold murder case from 1999.
They face a raft of charges, including murder, kidnapping, conspiracy to murder, assault, defeating or obstructing the ends of justice, corruption and attempted murder.

Mdluli is alleged to have planned the murder of Oupa Ramogibe. The two were allegedly involved in a love triangle with Tshidi Buthelezi, with whom Mdluli had a child.

The Times understands that another case currently being re-investigated is that of the murder of a Vosloorus man for which Ximba was tried, but then acquitted on the grounds of self-defence.

 http://www.timeslive.co.za/local/2011/10/19/exclusive-skeletons-spill-out-of-richard-mdluli-s-closet#

Terre'Blanche caught by surprise

2011-10-18

Murdered rightwing leader Eugene Terre'Blanche was caught by surprise when he was attacked in his North West farmhouse, an expert said on Tuesday.

"There is no blood stain evidence to show the person fought back indicating he was taken by surprise," police blood spatter expert Lieutenant Colonel ol Ian van der Nest told the High Court sitting in Ventersdorp.
"Had the deceased launched self-defence he would have sustained some injuries to the arm."

Van der Nest said it was not clear if rightwing leader Eugene Terre'Blanche was asleep when he was attacked.

"All I can say for sure is that he was lying down in a position similar to the way he was found,"

When defence lawyer Norman Arendse asked how he could be sure about this, Van der Nest said: "Logic."

Farmworker Chris Mahlangu and a minor are accused of beating and hacking Terre'Blanche to death in his farmhouse in North West in April last year.

Both have pleaded not guilty to murder, housebreaking and attempted robbery with aggravating circumstances.

Van der Nest said blood spatter evidence showed that the 69-year-old Terre'Blanche was lying on his bed when he was struck repeatedly with extreme force. A heavy instrument used to beat him was swung like a baseball bat at a 90° angle.

I apologise for the quality of the picture. But it shows the size of the instrument used to hack Eugene Terre'Blanche to death.

His evidence revealed that self-defence was unlikely as there were no injuries on the former Afrikaner Weerstandsbeweging (AWB) leader’s arms.

The mattress, on which the body lay, was soaked in blood and Van der Nest dismissed suggestions that Terre'Blanche could have been hit while standing and then fell onto the bed.

Van der Nest said evidence revealed that Terre'Blanche's pants were open......

Further on this I am not prepared to report on. Mr. Terre'Blanche needs his dignity.

Arendse earlier said there were allegations of verbal, physical and sexual abuse, and that potential witnesses were afraid to testify.

The captain said the two accused of killing Terre'Blanche went all out to destroy him.

"They went there with the intention to maim him. They wanted to destroy him."

Arendse said he could not continue with the cross-examination until Rautenbach’s diary for last year and other documents were made available to him.

The witness was asked to stand down and would be called back when the documents were available to the defence.

Mahlangu has said he was sorry about the incident.

"He is bitterly, bitterly sorry about the incident," said his lawyer Kgomotso Tlouane.

He said the more Mahlangu heard in court about the murder, the more sorry he felt.

Mahlangu claims he acted in self-defence while the 16-year-old denies involvement in the murder.


Further reading of the trial can be seen here.
http://www.news24.com/SouthAfrica/News/TerreBlanche-caught-by-surprise-expert-20111018

Malema threatens ANC leaders

Wed, 19 Oct 2011

Julius Malema

Leaders are not indispensable and could be removed at the wish of those who elected them, ANC Youth League president Julius Malema said on Tuesday.

He told students at the Walter Sisulu University in the Eastern Cape that Alfred Xuma, ANC president in the 1940s, never listened to the youth and was therefore not re-elected to lead the party.

"When president Xuma chased them [the youth] away and accused them of being disrespectful — the same accusation we have today against the leadership of the youth league — they went into the conference of the ANC and they said he cannot be a president again," Malema said.

Malema said at that time, not everybody qualified to be president.

"Today, for you to lead the ANC you have to be a person who has got a good standing in society."

Xuma was seen during his leadership as too conservative by an increasingly impatient and activist youth of that time, including former president Nelson Mandela.

Malema made his first reference to Xuma in public after the ANC slapped him with disciplinary charges.

Malema and the youth league's top five officials are accused of sowing division and bringing the ANC into disrepute.

This relates mainly to their statement about helping to effect regime change in Botswana.

The ANC leadership ignored an apology and pressed ahead with disciplinary action against Malema, his deputy Ronald Lamola, spokesperson Floyd Shivambu, secretary-general Sindiso Magaqa, his deputy Kenetswe Masonogi and treasurer-general Pule Mabe.

At his disciplinary hearing over the weekend, Human Settlements Minister Tokyo Sexwale testified for Malema.

Winnie Madikizela-Mandela and ANC national executive committee member Tony Yengeni were also expected to testify in Malema' defence.

http://news.iafrica.com/sa/758446.html

'They wanted to destroy ET'

Tue, 18 Oct 2011

Chris Mahlangu (left) stands in the dock accused of the murder of AWB leader Eugene Terre'Blanche at the Ventersdorp Magistrate court on 3 May 2011.

The two people accused of killing rightwing leader Eugene Terre'Blanche went all out to destroy him, a policeman said on Tuesday.

"Hulle het uitgegaan daarop om hom te vermink (They went there with the intention to destroy his face)," Captain Jacobus Rautenbach told the High Court sitting in Ventersdorp.

"Hulle wou hom uitwis (They wanted to destroy him)."

Rautenbach said he believed the crime was politically motivated, and linked it to the singing of the "shoot the boer" song by ANC Youth League leader Julius Malema. The song has since been outlawed.

"He [Malema] was in Zimbabwe when the murder took place, but he sang the song and gave the orders... on what to do. He was advertising it in the media," said Rautenbach.

Farmworker Chris Mahlangu and a minor are accused of beating and hacking the 69-year-old to death in his North West farmhouse in April last year.

Both have pleaded not guilty to murder, housebreaking and robbery with aggravating circumstances.

Mahlangu claims he acted in self-defence while the 16-year-old denies involvement in the murder.

http://news.iafrica.com/sa/758413.html